11
Iskra11 is a Polish military jet trainer aircraft designed in the 1960s by a team of engineers led by Marian Mikolajczak. It has a low-wing, T-tailed single-engine layout with a two-seat tandem cockpit and two straight wings. The aircraft is powered by a Lycoming O-435P six-cylinder horizontally-opposed piston engine. The airframe is made mostly of metallic alloys for strength, with some parts made of plastic composites for weight savings. The fuselage is a semi-monocoque structure, featuring a swept-back lower section and an inverted V-tail. The wings are of a conventional cantilever design with a swept-back trailing edge, mounted on a pylon above the fuselage. The landing gear is a retractable tricycle type, with a single main wheel located in the centerline between the engine and the front cockpit, and two outboard wheels each located in a sponson mounted at the wing's trailing edge. The cockpit is enclosed by a single-piece canopy, with a hinged rear portion for access. The aircraft has aerodynamic controls such as flaps, ailerons, and rudder. It is equipped with various avionics and instrumentation, including an autopilot, a navigation computer, and a terrain awareness warning system. The maximum speed of the aircraft is approximately 240 knots (279 mph) and it has a maximum range of 1,000 nautical miles (1,115 miles).