DDDAAATTTAAASSSHHHEEEEEETTT AAAEEEMMM333000999444000 Highly-ecient, regulated dual-output, ambient energy manager for AC or DC sources with optional primary battery Features Description Ultra-low-power start-up: The AEM30940 is an integrated energy management circuit - Cold start from 380mV input voltage and 3 W input thatextractsDCpowerfromapiezogenerator,amicroturbine power (typical) generator or any high frequency RF input to simultaneously - RF input power from -19 dBm up to 10 dBm (typical) store energy in a rechargeable element and supply the system with two independent regulated voltages. The AEM30940 al- Ultra-low-power boost regulator: lows to extend battery lifetime and ultimately eliminates the - Open-circuit voltage sensing for MPPT every 0.33 s primary energy storage element in a large range of wireless - Congurable MPPT with 2-pin programming applications such as industrial monitoring, home automation, - Selectable Voc ratios of 50, 65 or 80 % transportation and smart agriculture. - Input voltage operation range from 50 mV to 5 V The AEM30940 harvests the available input current up to - MPPT voltage operation range from 50 mV to 5 V 110 mA. It integrates an ultra-low power boost converter to - Constant impedance matching (ZMPPT) charge a storage element, such as a Li-ion battery, a thin lm Integrated 1.2/1.8 V LDO regulator: battery, a supercapacitor or a conventional capacitor. The - Up to 20 mA load current boost converter operates with input voltages in a range from - Power gated dynamically by external control 50 mV to 5 V. With its unique cold-start circuit, it can start - Selectable output voltage operating with empty storage elements at an input voltage as Integrated 1.8 V-4.1 V LDO regulator: low as 380mVand an input power of just 3 W. - Up to 80 mA load current with 300 mV drop-out The low-voltage supply typically drives a microcontroller at - Power gated dynamically by external control 1.2 V or 1.8 V. The high-voltage supply typically drives a ra- - Selectable or adjustable output voltage dio transceiver at a congurable voltage between 1.8 V and 4.1 V. Both are driven by highly-ecient LDO (Low Drop- Flexible energy storage management: Out) regulators for low noise and high stability. - Selectableoverchargeandoverdischargeprotectionforany Conguration pins determine various operating modes by set- type of rechargeable battery or (super)capacitor tingpredenedconditionsfortheenergystorageelement(over- - Fast supercapacitor charging chargeoroverdischargevoltages), andby selectingthe voltage - Warns the load when battery is running low of the high-voltage supply and the low-voltage supply. More- - Warns when output voltage regulators are available over, special modes can be obtained at the expense of a few Optional primary battery: conguration resistors. - Automatically switches to the primary battery when the The chip integrates all the active elements for powering a typ- secondary battery is exhausted ical wireless sensor. Five capacitors and two inductors are re- Integrated balun for dual-cell supercapacitor quired, available in the small 0402 and 0603 size, respectively. With only seven external components, integration is maxi- Applications mum, footprint and BOM are minimum, optimizing the time- to-market and the costs of WSN designs. Piezo harvesting Home automation Device information Micro turbine harvesting Transportation RF harvesting Smart agriculture Part number Package Body size Industrial monitoring 10AEM30940C0000 QFN 28-pin 5mm x 5mm R4-R3-R2-R1 (optional) R6-R5 (optional) BOOST HVOUT Primary battery BUCK (optional) Rectier Matching AC network SRC source PRIM (optional) R8 (optional) ZMPP FB PRIM U R7 (optional) BUFSRC LBOOST FB PRIM D RZMPP SWBOOST (optional) CSRC Li-ion BATT battery BOOST AEM30940 BAL CBOOST 2 QFN28 5x5 mm STATUS 2 : 0 Micro- SWBUCK LVOUT controller LBUCK BUCK CLV ENHV Radio HVOUT ENLV CBUCK transceiver CHV DDDSSS AAAEEEMMM333000999444000 RRREEEVVV111...222 CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt ccc 222000111888 eee---pppeeeaaasss SSSAAA 111 CFG 2 : 0 SET OVCH SELMPP 1 : 0 SET CHRDY SET OVDIS GND FB HVDDDAAATTTAAASSSHHHEEEEEETTT AAAEEEMMM333000999444000 Contents List of Figures 1 Introduction 3 1 Simplied schematic view 3 2 Pinout diagram QFN28 . 4 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings 5 3 Functional block diagram 7 4 Simplied schematic view of the AEM30940 8 3 Thermal Resistance 5 5 Diagram of the AEM30940 modes 8 6 Custom conguration resistors 11 4 Typical Electrical Characteristics at 25 C 5 7 Typical application circuit 1 . 13 8 Typical application circuit 2 . 14 5 Recommended Operation Conditions 6 9 Cold start with a capacitor connected to BATT . 15 10 Cold start with a battery connected to BATT 15 6 Functional Block Diagram 7 11 Overvoltage mode 16 7 Theory of Operation 8 12 Shutdown mode (without primary battery) . 16 13 Switch to primary battery if the battery is overdis- 7.1 Deep sleep & Wake up modes . 8 charged 17 7.2 Normal mode 9 7.3 Overvoltage mode . 9 14 Boost eciency for Isrc at 100 A, 1 mA, 10 mA 7.4 Primary mode . 10 and 100 mA . 18 7.5 Shutdown mode 10 15 Quiescent current with LDOs on and o 18 7.6 Maximum power point tracking 10 16 HVOUT at 3.3 V and 2.5 V . 19 7.7 Balun for dual-cell supercapacitor 10 17 LVOUT at 1.2 V and 1.8 V . 19 18 HVOUT eciency at 1.8 V, 2.5 V and 3.3 V 20 8 System Conguration 11 19 Eciency of BUCK cascaded with LVOUT at 1.2 V 8.1 Battery and LDOs conguration 11 and 1.8 V 20 8.2 MPPT conguration 12 20 Eciency for 863-868 MHz band 21 8.3 Primary battery conguration . 12 21 Eciency for 915-921 MHz band 21 8.4 ZMPPT conguration . 12 22 Overalleciency(RFpathandboostconverter)with 8.5 No-battery conguration 12 VBOOST = 3.5V 22 8.6 Storage element information 12 23 Schematic example 23 24 Layout example for the AEM30940 and its passive 9 Typical Application Circuits 13 components 24 9.1 Example circuit 1 13 25 QFN28 5x5mm 25 9.2 Example circuit 2 14 26 Board layout . 25 10 Performance Data 18 List of Tables 10.1BOOST conversion eciency . 18 10.2Quiescent current . 18 1 Pins description 4 10.3High-voltage LDO regulation . 19 2 Absolute maximum ratings 5 10.4Low-voltage LDO regulation 19 3 Thermal data . 5 10.5High-voltage LDO eciency 20 4 Electrical characteristics . 5 10.6Low-voltage LDO eciency 20 5 Recommended operating conditions . 6 10.7RF path eciency . 21 6 Minimum input power for the cold start (typical). 10.8Overall eciency 22 Resultsobtainedwiththe matchingnetworkand rec- tier designed by e-peas . 8 11 Schematic 23 7 LDOs congurations . 9 8 Usage of CFG 2:0 11 12 Layout 24 9 Usage of SELMPP 1:0 12 13 Package Information 25 10 BOMexampleforAEM30940anditsrequiredpassive 13.1Plastic quad atpack no-lead (QFN28 5x5mm) . 25 components 23 13.2Board layout 25 DDDSSS AAAEEEMMM333000999444000 RRREEEVVV111...222 CCCooopppyyyrrriiiggghhhttt ccc 222000111888 eee---pppeeeaaasss SSSAAA 222